Polarizer is a kind of optical filter
where the light transmission depends strongly on the polarization
state.
Normally, light with linear polarization in a certain direction is
passed, and light polarized in an orthogonal direction is either
absorbed or propagated to a different direction.For other directions of linear polarization with an angle θ against the“passing”direction, the transmission exhibits a cos2 θ
dependence.
That can be understood by considering that linear polarization state as a
linear superposition of the "passing”and the“blocked”state.Most polarizers act
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Phase retardation plates, or waveplates, are polarizing
optics used to manipulate the polarization state of the transmitting
light without attenuating, deviating, or displacing the light. The
working principle of the plate is to utilize
the birefringence of certain materials which separates the incident
light beam into two beams along two orthogonal optical axes within
the medium. The phase retardation between the two beams of the incident light contributes to changes in the
polarization state.
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Polarizing Beamsplitters (PBS) splits incident unpolarized light into two perpendicular linearly polarized light. Among them, p-polarized light passes through completely, while s-polarized light is reflected at 45 deg which makes the emitting direction of s-light vertical to p-light. Additionally, beamsplitters can be used in reverse to combine two
different beams into a single one. Beamsplitters are often classified
according to their construction:cube or plate.Cube PBS are fabricated using two typically right angle prisms.
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Polarization is an important characteristic of light. Polarizers are key optical elements for controlling your polarization,
transmitting a desired polarization state while reflecting, absorbing or
deviating the rest. There is a wide variety of polarizer designs, each
with its own advantages and disadvantages.
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YLF is birefringent, which eliminates thermally induced depolarization
loss. The gain and the emission wavelength of Nd:YLF are polarization
dependent: there is the stronger 1047nm ray for π polarization, and a
weaker one at 1053nm for σ polarization. Nd:YLF provides alternative to the more common Nd:YAG laser crystal for near IR
operation.
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A prism, in optics, is a piece of glass or other transparent object surrounded by two planes that intersect
but are not parallel to each other. The most important parameters of a
prism are the angle and material. Prisms are capable to redirect light at a designated angle or adjust the orientation of an image. Therefore prism is useful for in certain spectroscopes, instruments for analyzing light
and for determining the identity and structure of materials that emit or
absorb light. An optical prism’s design determines how light interacts with it.
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Polarization optics is important for both intra and extra cavity use. By using high contrast thin film polarizers in their design, laser engineers can save weight and volume within the laser system without influencing the output. Compared with polarizing prisms, polarizers have larger incident angle and can be made with larger apertures. Compared with polarizers made from birefringent crystals, the advantage of thin film polarizers made from UVFS or N-BK7 is that they can be fabricated in very large sizes, therefore are
particularly well suited for high laser powers and UV wavelengths.
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A wave plate, also called a phase retarder, is an optical device that changes the polarization state of light by generating an optical path difference (or phase difference) between two mutually orthogonal polarization components. When the incident light passes through wave plates with different types of parameter, the exit light is different, which may be linearly polarized light, elliptically polarized light, circularly polarized light, etc.
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Corner cube prisms are optics which act as corner reflectors.
The basic operation principle is that there are internal reflections on
three mutually orthogonal prism surfaces, producing a direction of a
reflected beam which is nominally parallel to the direction of the
incident beam – with the accuracy limited only by the accuracy of the
surface orientation of the prism.
Precision prisms can offer excellent parallelism of incoming and
reflecting beams.
It is usually specified as an angular deviation, e.g.
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Thin film polarizers are based on interference within a dielectric optical thin-film
coating on a thin glass substrate. They are made from composed materials which include a polarizing film, an inner protective film, a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and an outer protective film. Thin film polarizers are used for polarization separation, that's to say
to change un-polarized beam into linear polarized beam.
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Lithium
Niobate (LiNbO3) is widely used in fiber communication devices as birefringent
crystal and used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch
for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF and Ti:Sapphire lasers. It has good mechanical and physical properties and is ideal for optical
polarizing components due to its wide transparency range and low cost. LiNbO3's applications for fiber communication include isolators, circulators, beam displacers, and other polarizing
optics. The transverse modulation is mostly employed for
LiNbO3 crystal.
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Compared with congruent LN (cLN) crysal, the electro-optic
coefficient, nonlinear optical coefficient, periodic polarization
reversal voltage and applied photorefractive properties of
stoichiometric LN (sLN) crystal are greatly improved. With such excellent
physical properties and wide application prospects, sLN crystal has rapidly become a competitive optoelectronic
material.sLN crystals are expected to be thermodynamically stable up to their melting temperature at 1170°C, while keeping a largerelectrical resistivity than cLN crystals by one order of magnitude at any temperature.
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Polarizing Beamsplitters (PBS) are
designed to split light by polarization state rather than
by wavelength or intensity. PBS are often used in
semiconductor or photonics instrumentation to transmit p-polarized light
while reflecting s-polarized light. Optical isolators use PBS to eliminate feedback-induced damage. PBS are typically designed for 0° or 45° angle of incidence
with a 90° separation of the beams, depending on the configuration.WISOPTIC offers a wide variety of PBS in a
range of configurations including plate, cube, or lateral displacement.
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A Pockels cell driver is a high-voltage regulated power supply,
either pulse or continuous, allowing to control a birefringence of an
electro-optical crystal (KTP, KD*P, BBO, etc.) in order to drive the
polarization direction of the light propagating through the crystal.WISOPTIC has developed and produces a variety of Pockels cell drivers
for different applications: from very simple compact devices for
q-switching to precise and powerful fast models for pulse picking,
cavity damping, regenerative amplifier control, etc.
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Optical Prisms are widely used to redirect light at a designated angle. They are ideal for ray deviation, or for adjusting the orientation of an image. An optical prism’s design determines how light interacts with it. When light enters an optical prism, it either reflects off an individual surface or several surfaces before exiting, or is refracted as it travels through the substrate. WISOPTIC offers a wide range of optical prisms with various designs, substrates, or coatings.
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Optical filters are used to selectively transmit or reject a wavelength or range of wavelengths. Their applications include fluorescence microscopy, spectroscopy, clinical chemistry, machine vision inspection, etc. Optical filters are widely used in light system of life science, imaging, industrial, or defense industries. For example, Bandpass interference filters are designed to transmit a portion of the spectrum, while rejecting all other wavelengths. Notch filters reject a portion of the spectrum, while transmitting all other wavelengths.
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Optical Lenses are designed to
focus or diverge light and for imaging or alignment in an optical
system. Optical Lenses, which may consist of a single or multiple
elements, have a variety of applications. Lens forms can be divided into
simple lenses (which include plano-convex lens, plano-concave lens,
double-convex lens, double-concave lens, cylinder lens, drum
lens, spherical lens in different shapes), achromatic lenses compound
lens and multiple types.
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Optical filter is usually a component with a wavelength-dependent transmittance or reflectance. It's used to selectively transmit or reject a wavelength or range of wavelengths. Filters with particularly weak wavelength dependence of the transmittance are called neutral density filters. The general applications of optical filters include fluorescence microscopy, spectroscopy, clinical chemistry, machine vision inspection, etc. Bandpass interference filters are designed to transmit a portion of the spectrum, while rejecting all other wavelengths.
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There are four main types of prisms based on the function: dispersion
prism, deflection or reflection prism, rotating prism and offset prism.
Deflection, offset and rotating prisms are commonly used in imaging
applications; diffusion prisms are designed for dispersive light sources
and are not suitable for any application that requires high quality
images.WISOPTIC offers a wide range of optical prisms with various designs, substrates, or coatings.
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Optical beamsplitters play a vital role in many laser-based
measurement and positioning systems. Although the operation of a typical
beamsplitter is conceptually simple, its performance characteristics
can dramatically affect the accuracy and repeatability of the overall
system. Consequently, understanding the variables that distinguish
beamsplitter performance is an important step in comparing and
specifying components.
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Compared to more commonly used KTP crystal, KTA
crystal has larger non-linear optical and electro-optical
coefficients. KTA has the added benefit of
significantly reduced absorption in the 2 to 5 μm region. It has found
more and more applications in second harmonic generation (SHG), sum and
difference frequency generation (SFG)/(DFG), optical parametric
oscillation/ amplification (OPO/OPA), and electro-optical Q-switching. WISOPTIC do in-house growing and processing KTA crystal with high optical quality and various options of dimensional and coating specifications.
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KTP (KTiOPO4 ) is one of the most commonly used nonlinear optical materials which offers a range of unique features: high optical quality, broad transparency range, wide acceptance
angle, small walk-off angle, and type I and II non-critical
phase-matching (NCPM) in a wide wavelength range.
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Wisoptic’s optical mirrors are available for use with light in the UV,
VIS, and IR spectral regions. Optical mirrors with a metallic coating
have high reflectivity over the widest spectral region, whereas mirrors
with a broadband dielectric coating have a narrower spectral range of
operation; the average reflectivity throughout the specified region is
greater than 99%.
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Potassium dihydrogen phosphate KH2PO4 (KDP) is a
transparent dielectric material best known for its nonlinear optical and
electro-optical properties. Because of its nonlinear
optical properties, it has been incorporated into various laser systems
for harmonic generation and optoelectrical switching.
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